The Best Wedding Vendors in Keatchie, LA

The Best Wedding Vendors in Keatchie, LA

How do we sort results, including Sponsored Ads and personalized results?


477 Wedding Vendors in Keatchie, LA

Quick responder
Waking Starlight 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Fine art style
  • Starts at $7,000
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

I seek the hard-to-see moments, the ones that we might normally miss. I'm looking at the in-between, telling the story of intimacy and of elegance, serving clients worldwide as their Dallas & destination wedding photographer. Whether your story shines most in the small, quiet moments, or on the dance floor with your closest friends, I'm documenting the moments of love between you all, and every beautiful detail in between.

Jenny is, without a doubt, one of the best photographers in the industry. From the very beginning, we knew we didn’t just want someone who could take beautiful photos—we wanted someone who truly understood us and could capture the heart and soul of our wedding day. Jenny exceeded every expectation. From our first intro call, we immediately felt at ease. Jenny took the time to truly get to know us—asking thoughtful, intentional questions to understand our vision, our priorities, and the emotions we wanted to remember most. She stayed in touch throughout the months leading up to our wedding, offering helpful guidance, creative ideas, and an incredibly calming presence. Her communication was always proactive and professional, and it was clear she genuinely cared about making our day perfect. On the day of the wedding, Jenny was everything we could have hoped for and more. She brought such great energy—fun, focused, and reassuring. She kept us on track without ever making us feel rushed. By the end of the day, it felt like Jenny and her second shooter were longtime friends—part of the celebration, not just vendors. Then came the photos... and wow. We were completely blown away. Jenny has this rare gift of capturing not just the moment, but the feeling. Every photo told a story—our love, our personalities, our laughter, the quiet in-between moments, and the deep connection between us and our family and friends. We’ve looked through the gallery countless times and still tear up. It’s everything we dreamed of and more. Working with Jenny was one of the best decisions we made. She’s not only incredibly talented but also a genuinely wonderful human being. We would recommend her a hundred times over—and then some.
Mikayla B., 5 months ago
Quick responder
True Hope Photography 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Classic style
  • Starts at $400
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Hi, I’m Krystin — the heart behind True Hope Photography. I offer affordable pricing with flexible payment options to reduce your stress and help you stay focused on what truly matters. I provide all RAW images because I believe every moment deserves to be seen. When you work with me, you're not just getting a photographer — you're getting someone who cares deeply about your story. I capture real, meaningful moments and turn them into lasting memories. Let me tell your story with heart and intention. 🤍

I cannot recommend Krystin enough! From the very first conversation, she made us feel comfortable and excited about our wedding photos. She captured every moment so beautifully — the little details, the big emotions, and everything in between. She was organized, patient, and so much fun to work with. Our family and friends are still raving about the pictures! If you’re looking for a photographer who truly cares and puts her whole heart into her work, look no further. Thank you, Krystin, for helping us remember our day forever!
Allison, 3 months ago
GemHidden gem
The Dixie Gin 

5.0

Shreveport, LA
  • Venue
  • Up to 250 guests
  • Select services
  • Indoor & outdoor
  • Starts at $2,500

The Dixie Gin... True Southern Industrial Charm... The Dixie Gin is one of the most unique and picturesque settings in the Northwest Louisiana area to host your wedding. Located in the beautiful rural Red River bottoms of Dixie, Louisiana, just minutes from downtown Shreveport, the historical venue offers true industrial charm, perfect for any event. The old gin is an authentically rugged but polished backdrop for any style, from the sweet and simple to the most elaborate. Each event is customized in your individual style to create precious memories to last a lifetime.

Why you'll love this venue

  • Provides a dedicated team on-site
  • Wheelchair accessible
  • Classic elegance

Venue considerations

  • Not for you if you prefer a more modern aesthetic
  • No all-inclusive dining options
  • Venue feels large for events with small guest lists
The most flawless day! The staff is super friendly and attentive. Attention to every detail. You will not regret a single moment using this venue and staff!
Lisa S., a year ago
GemHidden gem
Andy Roberts Photography 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Editorial style
  • Starts at $400
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Andy offers a range of photography packages tailored to fit various needs, from intimate elopements to full-day wedding coverage. His services emphasize personalized planning, ensuring that each couple's vision is brought to life. Beyond weddings, Andy is passionate about mentoring fellow creatives. At the heart of Andy's work is a commitment to capturing the essence of love stories in a way that resonates for years to come. His photographs serve as enduring reminders of the joy, intimacy, and unique narratives that each couple brings to their wedding day.

Andy Roberts did my bridals, my wedding, my baby announcement, and newborn pictures! He has been with us for life’s biggest moments and we could not be happier and more thankful for him. He is so much fun and always captures the best moments. I cannot recommend him enough!!
Libby A., 5 months ago
GemHidden gem
Styled By Madison G 

5.0

  • Beauty professional
  • Team of 1
  • Starts at $85
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Hey!! My name is Madison. I am a licensed cosmetologist in Louisiana. While offering a wide range of hair services, I specialize in bridal or event hairstyles. My ultimate goal is to leave you feeling confident and beautiful on your special day. I absolutely love what I do and would love to be apart of your special day!

This is truly the job for Madison! She gave me exactly what I asked for! Definitely recommend!!
Brianna, 5 months ago

How much will your weddingit really cost? Find out now.

Quick responder
Something Borrowed Blooms 

4.9

  • Florist
  • Starts at $250
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Thousands of brides across the United States and Canada have trusted Something Borrowed Blooms to provide the perfect flowers for their wedding day. We offer brides the expensive peonies, delicate ranunculus, out-of-season anemones, and the ever-impossible-to-find-magnolia — all at a fraction of the cost.

Awarded Best of Zola
We couldn't have been more pleased with our experience with Something Borrowed Blooms! We used them for the shower, bachelorette and the entire wedding weekend. Shipped directly to the venue and picked up directly from the venue. We felt it was a great value for the gorgeous and full arrangements, bouquets, bouts, etc. we ordered. We did order a fresh bouquet for the bride. Gorgeous florals, in wonderful condition, hardly needed a thing coming out of the boxes. Customer service was wonderful - quick response and even a video consult to see pieces. Do not hesitate - so worth it!
Claire H., 5 months ago
Quick responder
Flower Moxie – Do-It-Yourself Wedding Flowers 

4.9

  • Florist
  • Starts at $350
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

In 2013, 8-year wedding veteran Amy McCord Jones realizes she wouldn't be able to afford to hire her own floral services if she was a bride. Then, Amy discovers that there is basically zero help available for DIY brides. No flower recipes. No instructions. No access to florist-grade blooms. Rude. So she launches Flower Moxie! Flower Moxie remains a humble, tucked-away small business out of Oklahoma City. We don’t zoom around on scooters in some fancy high-rise. We stock an average kitchen with canned wine and Aldi chips and listen to true crime podcasts while photographing curvy ranunculus. Join us. There’s cake, hugs, and acceptance here.

Awarded Best of Zola
I absolutely loved my experience using Flower Moxie. I was nervous about doing my own wedding flowers at first, but their team made me so comfortable. I was even able to do the grounded floral arch I wanted and my own bouquets and boutonnieres. Alexa helped me add flowers to my order and made sure everything was perfect for my big day. Thank you so much, Alexa! I'll be sure to refer all my friends to Flower Moxie!!
Emma Rose N., 9 months ago
Quick responder
The Talented Photographer - Award Winning Photography. 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Editorial style
  • Starts at $1,995
  • Serves Keatchie, LA
  • Offer

Hello! We are Christian and Ana. We have put together the best wedding photo & video team in America. Don't take our word for it, see it for yourself on our website. Whether you are camera shy or not, you will get beautiful photos with us. That's why couples are raving about us: we get beautiful photos out of EVERY SINGLE WEDDING!

Awarded Best of Zola
The Talented Photographer was an absolute dream to work with for our wedding. From the very first interaction, Alec's communication style was fun, professional, and incredibly personable. He had a true passion for his craft that shone through in every interaction. The quality of Alec's work was absolutely stunning - we got a wonderful variety of candids, formal shots, and editorial-style pictures that captured all the special moments of our day. Alec has an incredible eye for the right shots, and the final photos are absolutely gorgeous. Despite a complicated location schedule that I was worried about, Alec made the whole day seamless, traveling to over 4 different spots to ensure we got all the groupings and special shots we wanted. Alec truly went above and beyond, and we had such a great time working with him. I'm obsessed with the pictures and would give him an 11/10 rating!
Michelle M., 9 months ago
Quick responder
Flower & Oak 

5.0

  • Videographer
  • Cinematic style
  • Starts at $2,749
  • Serves Keatchie, LA
  • Offer

For pricing information, visit our website. The excitement. The warm feelings. The quiet glances. The glow of newlywed love. As time passes, little details can slip away. That’s why we’re here: to help you preserve your memories, so that you can vividly recall life’s best moments for years to come. Founded by passionate creatives who have been obsessing over storytelling for decades, we are dedicated to providing an experience that combines creative artistry with personalized attention. From the first consultation to the final suite of content, our purpose is to bring your vision to life while providing unmatched value at every step.

10/10 recommend Flower & Oak Films for your wedding videography needs! From Carrie, who helped us choose the right package, to Dagna, who spent the entire wedding day with us filming- the whole team is incredible! We chose a package that provided us with a short “highlight” film, as well as a much longer film of the whole day. We love that we can relive the best day of our lives whenever we want!
Cortney H., 17 days ago
Quick responder
HiMotive Entertainment & Photobooth 

4.6

  • DJ
  • Starts at $700
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

HiMotive Entertainment is a Event/Wedding entertainment service company operating out of North Carolina. From highly skilled photographers to DJs, Our ultimate goal is to handle all of your audio-visual needs.

Awarded Best of Zola
From the moment we booked HiMotive Entertainment & Photobooth, their communication was fast, easy, and personable. He was incredibly professional and went above and beyond to make our wedding day special. When we accidentally ordered the wrong sparklers, he made a miracle happen and got us some beautiful LED sparklers for our grand exit. And the music was absolutely perfect - our dance floor was so much fun all night long! We couldn't have asked for a better DJ. HiMotive truly delivered an outstanding value and we highly recommend them to any couple planning their wedding.
Rachel A., 8 months ago
Quick responder
Alena Kostromia Photography & Video 

4.9

  • Photographer
  • Classic style
  • Starts at $1,500
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

As a wedding photographer and videographer serving New York and New Jersey, my team and I are dedicated to creating authentic, timeless, and emotionally rich visuals that tell the story of your special day. With over 11 years of experience in the industry, we've developed a keen eye for capturing the natural nuances, energy, and relationships that make each wedding unique. Our style combines wedding photojournalism with fine art and fashion photography. We focus on guiding rather than posing, allowing your photos to reflect the genuine essence and emotion of your celebration.

Awarded Best of Zola
Alena was amazing! She knew how to herd the family to get the photos done quickly so we could enjoy our cocktail hours. Final album was delivered on time and was very easy to access. Alena is creative with just the right touch. Highly recommend for weddings or any other occasion!
Stephanie B., 3 months ago
Quick responder
Still Time Media LLC 

5.0

  • Videographer
  • Documentary style
  • Starts at $2,500
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Still Time Media has been creating cinematic film-style recaps of weddings since 2008. We have a talented and experienced team of videographers who ensure our clients are comfortable, relaxed, and most of all, happy with the final product. If you see our listing, we are available in your area! Our Emmy-winning owner and editor, Josh Hale, will work with you to make sure these videos are exactly what you want. Still Time Media wants to give you something that takes you back to the happiest day of your life, so you can share it with friends and family for years to come. 

Awarded Best of Zola
Still Time Media LLC was an absolute pleasure to work with for our wedding videography. From our very first interaction, Josh was quick to respond, friendly, enthusiastic, and incredibly kind. The exceptional quality of Josh’s work captured the beautiful and touching moments of our day that we will cherish forever. Josh really cares to get to know his clients and took the time beforehand to understand our story and vision, allowing him to create stunning videos that perfectly convey the spirit of our special day. Josh was flexible, timely, and extremely thoughtful which ensured that he was always ready to capture every meaningful moment. We couldn't be happier with this beautiful capsule in time that Still Time Media provided for us, we can’t wait to share these videos with our loved ones now and hopefully with our future kids and grandkids some day :)!
Sarah S., 9 months ago
Quick responder
The Faux Bouquets 

5.0

  • Florist
  • Starts at $175
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Believe it or not, we often have people ask if our pictures throughout our website are showing a mix of fresh and faux and…no they aren’t! Although fresh florals are pretty, we are totally in love with poser-blooms all the way here and that’s what we design 100% of our orders with.

Awarded Best of Zola
The Faux Bouquets were an absolute pleasure to work with for our wedding. Their communication was quick and simple, and they were always responsive to any questions or requests we had. The quality of their work was truly high quality and gorgeous - the bouquets, boutonnières, and beautiful floral arrangements they created for our arch were stunning and exceeded our expectations. They worked closely with us to achieve the exact look and feel we wanted for our wedding florals. The Faux Bouquets are amazing and we highly recommend them to any couple looking for beautiful, top-notch floral pieces for their special day!
Cristina H., 10 months ago
Quick responder
Ledd Lens LLC, Photo and Film 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Photojournalistic style
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

We are team of traveling wedding photographers and videographers. For 2025, we have 120+ weddings booked in 34 different states. Our shooting style is photojournalistic, natural, CINEMATIC to traditional. Our editing and style depends. Very easygoing and flexible depending on the client's preference. Our team is dedicated in delivering memories.

Awarded Best of Zola
As wedding planners, we loved working with them on our recent South Asian Fusion Wedding! The photos were beautiful and we can't wait for the next time we work together!
The Yellow R., 7 days ago
Quick responder
Anchor Studios Photography 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Fine art style
  • Starts at $2,000
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

I’m Edgar, an HTX-raised native with Salvadorian roots. I am the owner, creative director, and lead photographer at Anchor Studios Photography. I'm a wedding and elopement photographer based out of Pittsburgh, PA! However, the stories I capture don't start and end there. I love to travel to capture stories all around the world.

Awarded Best of Zola
Edgar was the best and was so fun to work with! He picked the best spots to bring our vision together. We cannot wait to have him photograph our wedding!
Rhiannon G., a year ago
Quick responder
Ali Cushing Photography 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Photojournalistic style
  • Starts at $5,500
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

My name is Ali Cushing, a NY-based/working anywhere, visual storyteller who captures the authentic experience with intention. It's feeling, and it's found in the whirlwind and the still moments, in heightened emotion and calm, and above all, celebrating what makes you and your partner exactly who you are with the people you choose to surround yourself with. In my work composition serves to frame the feeling, with permission to be raw, outrageous, reserved, and unabashedly yourself. I make photos about the day and not the day about the photos. All couples of all genders, ethnicities, ages, faiths, shapes and abilities, are more than welcome.

Awarded Best of Zola
Ali was such a pleasure to work with and she captured both our wedding day and engagement photos perfectly! Besides for being incredibly smart and easy to work with she is also incredibly talented. Just the sneak peak of wedding photos we’ve gotten back are beautiful and perfectly capture the energy of our wedding day. We would highly recommend her to anyone looking for a wedding photographer!
Emily H., a year ago
Quick responder
Direct Entertainment DJ-Photo-Video-Booths 

4.7

  • DJ
  • Starts at $895
  • Serves Keatchie, LA
  • Offer

Choose your perfect wedding DJ, Photographer, Videographer, and Photo Booth with an entertainment company and name you can trust, GUARANTEED. We are as professional and fun as it gets, yet simple and AFFORDABLE. Let our team absorb your stress like a sponge! Since you'll be working exclusively with one company, your entire experience is guaranteed to be a breeze, and you SAVE $100 per service when bundling them.

Awarded Best of Zola
The photographer, videographer, and photo booth was absolutely perfect and our guests had a blast! However, even after going through the work of submitting a Spotify play list and adding do not play songs or DJ played the wrong version of our first dance song (I checked and we had the correct version listed on our playlist we sent over), he also played songs from our do not play list to the point I, the bride, came over to ask if he had the wrong list. He admitted he was using songs from the do not play list as he was not paying attention. I would also like to note, though our wedding was more casual, our DJ was dressed in a sloppy manner. His shirt was half untucked from his pants, there were stains on his shirt and pants. Besides a few hiccups, direct Entertainment was wonderful to work with!
Courtney W., 2 days ago
Quick responder
Wood & Word Blooms, sola wood floral designs (faux not fresh) 

5.0

  • Florist
  • Starts at $1,500
  • Serves Keatchie, LA
  • Offer

🌹 WE ARE NOT FRESH FLOWER FLORISTS. WE WORK WITH WOOD & FAUX FLOWERS. PLEASE ACKNOWLEDGE THIS IN YOUR REPLY. 🌹 Wood & Word Blooms is run by a Jen Angle, former teacher of 20+ years and specializes in using hand-painted wood flowers along with a faux, dried and preserved florals (nothing fresh here) to bring your wedding vision to life not just for that one glorious day but forever. Besides designing for you, I also offer DIY Wood Flower Experiences to create your wedding florals alongside me in person or virtually and 1:1 sessions to help DIY brides learn to do it themselves.

Awarded Best of Zola
Working with Wood & Word Blooms for our wedding florals was an easy process from start to finish. Their communication style was very straightforward, making it simple to order exactly what we wanted. The quality of their sola wood floral designs was excellent - my bouquet was a dream come true, with intricate details and a beautiful shape. They provided great example options to choose from, and the value was very good for the beautiful work they delivered. Just be sure to order with plenty of lead time, as their creations take time for production and shipping. Overall, we were thrilled with Wood & Word Blooms and highly recommend them for any couples planning their wedding flowers.
Lizz & M., 3 months ago
Quick responder
Heather Christine Photo + Film 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Photojournalistic style
  • Starts at $3,000
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Hiii! I'm Heather Schoolcraft - owner & CEO! I'm a small town gal from WV who LOVES traveling and pops of color. I've designed my entire company around creating authentic + magical love stories. I have an associate team specifically trained to go and take on more couples! The only thing that's different on your wedding day is you see a different face! On your wedding day, our goal is to make you feel comfortable in front of the camera, and to focus on the raw + real moments on your day. Don't settle for less because you have to. Let ME help you get the photos + video that you've always dreamed of.

Awarded Best of Zola
You know when you meet someone and it feels like you've been friends forever? That's Heather for you! Heather is fun, kind, warm, and will be your ultimate hype girl! Aside from being an awesome human, Heather is a talented photographer. Don't know how to pose and feel super awkward in front of a camera like me? No worries, Heather's got you! She'll direct you on how to stand, how to put your hands, how your face should look, give you hot tips... all of it! She also has a sharp eye for beautiful landscapes. You're in good hands and will have cute photos, I promise. In addition to Heather, we were lucky enough to work with her videographer, Andrew, and another shooter from her team. The entire HCP team was so fun to work with you and will put you right at ease. I've gotten to do 3 shoots with Heather to date and am incredibly pleased with how our photos have come out. In fact, I haven't even gotten the final album for our wedding yet (just previews) and i'm STILL impressed! If you have the opportunity to work with this team, take it. I couldn't recommend them enough.
Phi B., a year ago
Quick responder
Louis Pettinelli Entertainment 

5.0

  • Band or Ensemble
  • Starts at $3,000
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

Louis Pettinelli Entertainment is a musical entertainment company that offers an unrivaled musical experience for clients around the country. We currently service over 25 metropolitan areas throughout the lower 48, and provide musical entertainment for hundreds of events every year. Our past clients include The United Nations, Lockheed Martin, Nationwide Auto Insurance, The Shell Oil Corporation, and many more. No event is too small or large for us. Louis Pettinelli Entertainment has musical ensembles that range from a soloist to a 15 piece party band, and everything in between!

Awarded Best of Zola
We were very happy with the band we chose for our wedding. They brought great energy, played a solid mix of music that kept our guests dancing, and added a fun vibe to the night. They were also flexible which i really appreciated. They were willing to work with our unique setup, including performing on a backyard stage we built. Most importantly, they really listened to what we wanted and tailored the music to match the tone we envisioned. Their professionalism and adaptability helped everything go smoothly. We’re really glad we had them as part of our celebration and would definitely recommend them to other couples.
Emily R., 3 months ago
Quick responder
Nationwide Wedding DJs - A Better DJ And Photographer 

4.7

  • DJ
  • Starts at $999
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

BEST OF ZOLA award winner! We will make your reception fun for all of your wedding guests! We have provided local top level DJ-MC services for over 26 years in budget friendly packages NATIONWIDE. including your area. We also offer spectacular wedding photography and HD Video. Visit our site and see over 1 million photos, thousands of reviews, and some great package prices. If you give us a call before you book your vendors you'll quickly learn why over 16,000 couples have chosen us to help make their special day magical. We provide expert planning assistance, which will take away most of the stress associated with planning your wedding!

Awarded Best of Zola
Nationwide Wedding DJs - A Better DJ And Photographer did an excellent job at our wedding. Their communication style was clear and reassuring - they asked clarifying questions to ensure they understood our preferences and made us feel confident they would execute everything perfectly. The quality of their work and value was great - the DJ listened closely, paused when needed, and incorporated all the special song requests and event announcements I had provided. They played our special songs at just the right moments and helped our reception flow smoothly with their professionalism. We were thrilled with how Nationwide Wedding DJs contributed to making our wedding day so memorable.
Maddie M., 3 months ago
Quick responder
Ashley Cynthia Photography 

5.0

  • Photographer
  • Classic style
  • Starts at $2,800
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

* PLEASE INQUIRE ON WEBSITE* HEY! I'M ASHLEY! Aka, Your Professional third wheel! I am so happy you dropped by! I am a uber bubbly, warm hearted, person who loves to order 3 drinks at Dutch Bros and say its for other people but really its just for me. When I am not spending my lifes savings at Dutch Bros, I am professionally following peeps in love and photographing their stories. I am a lover of true crime and murder podcasts! (But I mean who isnt! I just cant help it!) FUN FACT: I speak switzerdütsch, aka a German slang. My mom is originally from Switzerland and my dad from Jamaica, so you know I am always hungry for adventures!

Awarded Best of Zola
Ashley Cynthia Photography was an absolute delight to work with for our wedding day! From our first meeting, Ashley's positive, professional, and fun communication style put us at ease. On the big day, she and her talented and detail-oriented team worked tirelessly to capture all of those special moments. Ashley kept me smiling even during some family stress. The beautiful photos she delivered showcase her artistry and really capture the love and joy we felt. I was wowed by her determination to get the perfect shot. Ashley and her crew were consummate professionals and we could not be happier with the gorgeous photos to remember our wedding day!
Caroline E., a year ago
TrendlineTrending
Oury Memories 

4.8

  • Photographer
  • Fine art style
  • Starts at $1,200
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

I have been a photographer for 8 years. Throughout my time as a photographer I’ve captured clothing, models, and memories. I shifted from corporate shootings to families and weddings because it gave me this warm fuzzy feeling when I edited my couples and families photos. Don’t be afraid to reach out to me and ask about my photography style, my editing style, or my favorite restaurant! I highly recommend scheduling a free consulting session!

Awarded Best of Zola
We had an amazing experience with Grace, She made us feel comfortable during our session. She is very personable and easy to work with. We are grateful we found her to be apart of our special day! Would highly recommend.
Amber T., 2 years ago
Quick responder
5 thousand frames films LLC 

5.0

  • Videographer
  • Cinematic style
  • Starts at $3,000
  • Serves Keatchie, LA

- Over 12 years of successful work, more than 400 couples, more than 200 families and more than 100 companies have used our services - We do all shooting and editing personally and never hire third-party vendors. You will get exactly what you ordered - It is very important for us that the video convey the atmosphere of your event as much as possible, therefore we approach the details and musical arrangement with great care - Each project for us is always an individual work. We do not shoot or edit according to a template. - We always have a spare set of equipment - All material we always keep in duplicate.

Thanks so much for our incredible weeding video! Yesterday we had a chance to watch it and I can say it was such heartwarming and professional video that reminded us how special that day was:) Thank you, Alex, again for your hard work and professionalism!
Alina, 9 months ago

Keatchie, LA reception venues by style

Outdoor spaces
Outdoor spaces