Taxis/cabs are EVERYWHERE in Bali. In the more populated areas, they will see you walking and honk their horns at you and yell, "Transport! Transport!" (it can, at times, get very annoying). Make sure you have cash - it generally will not cost you more than $5-$10 to get somewhere close - $20-$50 to somewhere further away. Bali itself is quite small and the distances are not great - but the amount of people and winding roads means that travel is slow - so plan accordingly.
YES! Bali has cuisine to suit every palette! Plenty of vegetarian and vegan options just about everywhere you go!
Meat is served everywhere as well. And for those picky eaters - you don't have to just eat Indonesian food - they cater to Western palettes as well!
Bali is an island belonging to Indonesia. You will want to select Denpasar as you destination airport. From there, grab a cab and head to wherever you've chosen to stay!
NO! Bali is quite small - there are many, many places to stay and plenty of options to suit every budget. Should you want to stay close to the wedding venue, I will list some recommendations in the area for a wide range of prices. However, some other popular places to stay are: Kuta, Legian, Seminyak. Kuta is approximately 45 minutes via taxi to Canggu. Kuta is the Vegas of Bali - plenty of nightlife! Legian is just next door, and is quieter but still close to the action. And Seminyak just west of Legian, has become an upmarket, trendy place to be. All offer different styles of accommodation - from hotels to private villas, so have a look around and choose what will suit you!