Walking the National Mall is a great way to see most of the monuments, memorials, and Smithsonian Museums. The White House is also just a short walk off the mall.
This museum is out by Dulles (bigger and different from the one on the national mall, which is under renovation). Worth the trip to see the Enola Gay, Space Shuttle Discovery, The Concord, or SR-71 Blackbird (hell of a machine). Best to either uber or drive.
Free zoo with the diplomacy pandas from China back on exhibit (unsure whether they were subject to tariffs).
Old Town is an area full of history and charm. Plenty of coffee shops, bars, restaurants, and shops to explore. Take King Street down to the water for a nice walk.
George Washington's former residence and plantation, which has been turned into a museum and interactive experience. Best to drive or uber.
Pay respect to our nations fallen, visit The Arlington House (Robert E Lee's former residence), and see the tomb of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier changing of the guard.